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\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\uff1f<\/h2>\n

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\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u75c7\u72b6<\/h2>\n

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\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u53ca\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20<\/h2>\n

The great majority of kidney infections are caused by Escherichia coli, or E. coli, a bacterium normally found in the digestive tract that can spread to the urinary opening and travel upward; other bacteria, including Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus species, cause most remaining cases. Pyelonephritis is not contagious the way a cold or the flu is, since it comes from a person’s own bacteria moving into a part of the body where they do not belong, not from person-to-person spread.<\/p>\n

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\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

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\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/th>\u68c0\u6d4b\u610f\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
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\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n

\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u662f\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u53e3\u670d\u8fd8\u662f\u9759\u8109\u7ed9\u836f\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u75c5\u60c5\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65e0\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u98df\u548c\u670d\u836f\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u975e\u5b55\u671f\u6210\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53e3\u670d\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u9009\u62e9\u4f9d\u636e\u5f53\u5730\u8010\u836f\u60c5\u51b5\u53ca\u57f9\u517b\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u5982\u6709\uff09\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u80be\u7ed3\u77f3\u6216\u524d\u5217\u817a\u589e\u751f\u7b49\u6897\u963b\u56e0\u7d20\u52a0\u91cd\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u89e3\u9664\u6897\u963b\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u624b\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u4e0e\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\n
\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u53e3\u670d\u6297\u751f\u7d20<\/td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65e0\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5168\u7a0b\u5728\u5bb6\u53e3\u670d\u7528\u836f<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u9759\u8109\u6297\u751f\u7d20<\/td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u75c5\u60c5\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u8113\u6bd2\u75c7\u3001\u598a\u5a20\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u53e3\u670d\u836f\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f4f\u9662\u6cbb\u7597<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u89e3\u9664\u6897\u963b<\/td>\u89e3\u9664\u7ed3\u77f3\u6216\u524d\u5217\u817a\u589e\u751f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8f93\u5c3f\u7ba1\u6897\u963b\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u5f15\u6d41\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u652f\u6301\u6027\u62a4\u7406<\/td>\u8865\u6db2\u3001\u4f11\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u8d77\u6548\u671f\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u53d1\u70ed\u548c\u75bc\u75db<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

\u4f4f\u9662\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u9759\u8109\u6ce8\u5c04\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u901a\u5e38\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u75c5\u60c5\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u51fa\u73b0\u8113\u6bd2\u75c7\u75c7\u72b6\uff08\u5982\u5fc3\u8df3\u52a0\u901f\u6216\u8840\u538b\u8fc7\u4f4e\uff09\u3001\u598a\u5a20\u671f\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u53e3\u670d\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u6216\u5408\u5e76\u672a\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u3001\u5c3f\u8def\u6897\u963b\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff1b\u4e00\u65e6\u75c7\u72b6\u5f00\u59cb\u597d\u8f6c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6539\u4e3a\u53e3\u670d\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u8b66\u793a\u4fe1\u53f7\u9700\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u5c31\u6025\u8bca\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u666e\u901a\u95e8\u8bca\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9ad8\u70e7\u5bf9\u836f\u7269\u65e0\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u6655\u53a5\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u6c34\uff0c\u6216\u75bc\u75db\u5267\u70c8\u4e14\u6301\u7eed\u52a0\u91cd\uff1b\u598a\u5a20\u671f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u75c7\u72b6\u8005\u4e5f\u5e94\u53ca\u65f6\u5c31\u533b\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u540e\u6570\u5929\u5185\u4fbf\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u597d\u8f6c\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7597\u7a0b\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb\u5e38\u89c4\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u4e24\u5468\u8981\u77ed\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u9884\u540e<\/h2>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53ca\u65f6\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u590d\uff0c\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7559\u4e0b\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u635f\u4f24\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u98ce\u9669\u5728\u4e8e\u5ef6\u8bef\u5c31\u533b\uff1a\u672a\u7ecf\u6cbb\u7597\u6216\u75c5\u60c5\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u80be\u8113\u80bf\u3001\u8113\u6bd2\u75c7\u3001\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u5076\u53d1\u6027\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u4ea7\u6c14\u6027\u4e25\u91cd\u611f\u67d3\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u89c1\u4e8e\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\uff09\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5c3d\u65e9\u5f00\u59cb\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5373\u4f7f\u611f\u89c9\u597d\u8f6c\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u7597\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5168\u90e8\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u4f5c\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u8180\u80f1\u8f93\u5c3f\u7ba1\u53cd\u6d41\u7b49\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u67e5\u660e\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53cd\u590d\u611f\u67d3\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u80be\u810f\u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u7622\u75d5\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u6444\u5165\u3001\u6709\u5c3f\u610f\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u6392\u5c3f\u800c\u975e\u618b\u5c3f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u8180\u80f1\u708e\u4e0a\u884c\u8513\u5ef6\u524d\u53ca\u65f6\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u590d\u53d1\u3002\u51e1\u662f\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u4f5c\u3001\u5df2\u77e5\u5b58\u5728\u6ccc\u5c3f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u66fe\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u6b21\u4e25\u91cd\u53d1\u4f5c\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u5411\u533b\u751f\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u8bbf\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u80be\u529f\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h2>\n

\u8fd1\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7597\u7a0b\u7a76\u7adf\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6839\u636ePubMed\u6536\u5f55\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u98792025\u5e74\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e0e\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790\u6c47\u603b\u4e8616\u9879\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u53ca4,643\u540d\u60a3\u6709\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u6216\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5c3f\u8def\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b05\u81f37\u5929\u7684\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7597\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u768410\u81f314\u5929\u7597\u7a0b\u7597\u6548\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\u3001\u590d\u53d1\u7387\u53ca\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u5747\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08Zahavi\u7b49\uff0c2025\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5f00\u5177\u7684\u7597\u7a0b\u6bd4\u60a8\u9884\u671f\u7684\u77ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u5077\u5de5\u51cf\u6599\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u652f\u6301\u5176\u540c\u6837\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6309\u65f6\u670d\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u5904\u65b9\u5242\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u968f\u7740\u8010\u836f\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u54ea\u79cd\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\u30022024\u5e74\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9851\u540d\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd11\u5bb6\u6025\u8bca\u79d1\u51fa\u9662\u56de\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53e3\u670d\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u768414\u5929\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u4e3a17.2%\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u6307\u5357\u9996\u9009\u7684\u6c1f\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u6216\u7532\u6c27\u82c4\u5576-\u78fa\u80fa\u7532\u5641\u5511\u7c7b\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u4e3a22.5%\uff1b\u5728\u6821\u6b63\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\uff08Koehl et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a\u88ab\u5f00\u5177\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u800c\u975e\u4f20\u7edf\u9996\u9009\u6297\u751f\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u8010\u836f\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5faa\u8bc1\u4f9d\u636e\u30022025\u5e74\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9\u793e\u533a130,514\u4efd\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u5c3f\u6db2\u6837\u672c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ebf\u8180\u80f1\u708e\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7684\u8010\u836f\u6027\u4e0e\u5bf9\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7684\u8010\u836f\u6027\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u963f\u83ab\u897f\u6797-\u514b\u62c9\u7ef4\u9178\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8010\u836f\u7387\u8d85\u8fc750%\uff08Williams et al., 2025\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a\u544a\u77e5\u533b\u751f\u60a8\u8fd1\u671f\u670d\u7528\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u6297\u751f\u7d20\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u533b\u751f\u9009\u62e9\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5c3f\u6db2\u57f9\u517b\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n

\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u5173\u952e\u672f\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868<\/h2>\n
\n
\u672f\u8bed<\/th>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u5c3f\u8def\u611f\u67d3\uff08UTI\uff09<\/td>\u6ccc\u5c3f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4efb\u4f55\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u4ece\u5c3f\u9053\u5230\u80be\u810f\u5747\u53ef\u7d2f\u53ca\u3002<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u8180\u80f1\u708e<\/td>\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u8180\u80f1\u7684\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6ccc\u5c3f\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/td><\/tr>\n
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\u8113\u6bd2\u75c7<\/td>\u4e00\u79cd\u5371\u53ca\u5168\u8eab\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7531\u611f\u67d3\u6269\u6563\u81f3\u8840\u6db2\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/td><\/tr>\n
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\u80be\u8113\u80bf<\/td>\u4e25\u91cd\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u80be\u810f\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5468\u56f4\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8113\u6db2\u79ef\u805a\u3002<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u80be\u76c2\u80be\u708e\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n

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\u80be\u810f\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u75c7\u72b6\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/h3>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6765\u6e90<\/h2>\n